Fonte: Wikipedia
A
[+] Analysis of algorithms
[+] Approximation algorithms
[+] Arbitrary precision algorithms
C
[+] Checksum algorithms
[+] Classification algorithms
[+] Combinatorial algorithms
[+] Compression algorithms
[+] Computational number theory
[+] Computer algebra
[+] Cryptographic algorithms
D
[+] Disk scheduling algorithms
E
[+] Error detection and correction
[+] Evolutionary algorithms
F
[+] FFT algorithms
G
[+] Genetic algorithms
[+] Geometric algorithms
[+] Graph algorithms
H
[+] Hashing
M
[+] Monte Carlo methods
N
[+] Networking algorithms
[+] Number theoretic algorithms
[+] Numerical analysis
[+] Numerical linear algebra
O
[+] Optimization algorithms
Q
[+] Quantum algorithms
R
[+] Root-finding algorithms
[+] Routing algorithms
S
[+] Scheduling algorithms
[+] Search algorithms
[+] Selection algorithms
[+] Sorting algorithms
[+] Statistical algorithms
[+] Algorithms on strings
T
[+] Termination algorithms